Shuttle tension



Feb. 8, 1938. w. A. mo 2,107,917

SHUTTLE TENSION Filed March 3, 1936 ma? J2 71950 A TTORNEYS.

Patented Feb. 8, 1938 UNITED (STATES- PATENT OFFICE SHUTTLE TENSIONWilliam A. Tebo, Anthony, R. 1.

, Application March 3, 1936, Serial No. 66,839 I Claims. ;(01. 139-217)This invention relates to weaving shuttles and has for one of itsobjects the provision'of an improved yarn tension device for applyingtension 7 to the filling yarn in such a Way as to permit the 5 yarn tobe threaded into thefshuttle eye more easily than in any priortensiondevic'es which provide, for an equivalent amount of tension.Another object of the invention is to provide "tension means which willnot-tend to push the twist'back, when hardtwisted yarn is utilized; a

form dividing the total tension among a plurality of tension-applyingunits that, if one unit should become unthreaded or ineffective for itsintended purpose, sufficient tension will still be applied to the yarnby the other unit or units to prevent serious defects in thefabric, andso that each such individual unit neednot grip the yarn so firmly aswhen a single unit only is employed whereby slubs or knots are enabledto enter and pass through the tension device without breaking the yarnor causing shiners in the cloth, defects comrnonly resulting fromexcessive tension such that knots or slubs catch in the tenion deviceand are retarded thereby. y I v Further objects of the invention are toprovide toprovide tension means such as to prevent breakage of afilament or filaments when multifilament yarnis employed; to provide animproved tension device such that slack pickswill .not occur; toprovides, tension device such that the fur tension, which is commonlyprovided in shuttles for weaving certain types 'of'goods, may bereducedinamount? or eliminated, thus .per- Jmitting the shuttle,especially when of automatic type, to be more easily threaded and alsoavoiding the necessity of combing up or rejuvenating thefur at frequentintervals, as. is necessary when a fur tension is used; and to provide atension of a'type whichwill distribute thetension- 'ing'pressure uponthe yarn over a substantial length of the yarn as it is drawn'from' thebobbin V 1; inithe shuttle chamber, instead of localizing the pressureat one point, as is common. Other objects and, advantages of theinvention will be made manifest hereinafterin the I ffollowing moredetailed description and by refv erence to the accompanying drawing inwhich:

' of an automatic shuttle with a modified form of of the shuttle orwhere inferior yarn is being used able in automatic shuttles where theyarn enters mechanical tension which exists in shuttles into a pluralityof parts and cause each of these parts Fig. 5 is a perspective view ofone of the tension members;

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the opposite surface of one of thetension members, a pair of tion of a regular shuttle, showing my tensionmounted in the block inserted in the throat portion of the shuttle;

Fig. 9 is a top plan view of the threading block tension mountedtherein;

Fig. 10. is a section on the line I 0l0 of Fig. 9; Fig. 11 is a sectionon the line I l-l I of Fig. 10; Fig. 12 is a perspective view of one ofthe tension members, showing its face-engaging surfaces for contactingthe yarn, andthe bar connecting the members;

Fig. 13 is a sectional view similar to Fig. 3, but modified by showingsprings on both of said pairs of tension members. m In the use ofshuttles, considerable difiiculty has been experienced with the tensionat the throat portion adjacent the bobbin chamber whichv sometimesinterferes with the threading causes knots or slubs in the yarn to breakthe yarn or else to cause shiners in the cloth; also, some tenion maybecome unthreaded causing a slack pickwhich ruins the cloth. Suchdifliculty in threading is particularly detrimental and notice- 35 andthreads automatically when one bobbin is transferred intothe shuttle toreplace an empty bobbin, and various means have been experimented withto overcome these difiiculties. At 40 times some means have beeninserted over which the yarn will'drag; but this is unsatisfactory whenthe yarn rises and is out of contact with such friction surface. Attimes a friction has been used so that the yarn will engage the same atthe time of the first pick, but after the yarn becomes threaded in theshuttle such tension no longer acts. In order to overcome thesedifficulties and provide and improved tension, I have divided the toengage the yarn with less tension than a single mechanical unitheretofore provided, but the sum of the tension of the plurality ofunits or ,contacting surfaces .will be equal to the tension heretoforeused or may, where cases require it;

be increased without the detrimental effects which have heretofore beenpresent in the increasing of the tension where a single mechanical unithas been used; and the following is a more detailed description of thepresent embodiment of this invention, illustrating the preferred meansby which these advantageous results may be accomplished; f a I Withreference to the drawing, I will first point out that the tension whichis the subject of this invention, is applicable to the regular shuttle,the hand-threading shuttle and the automatic shuttle, and I have shownthe invention in each one of these three types of shuttles, and haveshown one modification in connection with an automatic shuttle, althoughit will be readily apparent that the same may be applied to thehand-threading or regular shuttle in a manner similar to that.illustrated and spoken of above. With reference to the drawing,designates the holy portion of the shuttle having a bobbin chamber 16with a bobbin 11 positioned therein and a filling l8 wound on thebobbin. The eye of the shuttle is designated [9 in Fig. 4 with guide,posts 20 and 2| of porcelain or some wearresistin'g material, as isusual. 7

The threading block 22 is of a known type 'except that it may beextended to provide a somewhat long'er'extent at the throat portion :23to accommodate a plurality of friction units which are the subject ofthis invention. In threading, the yarn 24 as it is drawn from the bobbinI1 is caused first to be drawn down under the horns 25 on the first pickandthen into the eye l6 of the shuttle on the second pick of theshuttle, in a known manner.

In thisextended portion 23 of the threading block 22there are arrangedtwo or more thread tensioning devices. each comprising a pair ofthread-engaging elements designed to contact opposite sides respectivelyof the thread on its" way from the bobbin chamber to the shuttle eye,

each such element being of substantially the structure shown in Fig. 5and Fig. 6. The body portion of each element 26 is flanged as at 21 andprovided with an'o'penin'g 28 of a sufficient size loosely to mount theelements 26 upon a pin 29 having an enlarged threaded head portion 30,slotted'as at 3|. bore 32 'inone side wall of the block 22, the oppo-Jsite'end entering "a bore 33 in the opposite. side This head engages athreaded wall for "firmly mounting this pin in position.

The upper end of each of the members 26 is r directed backwardlyas at 34from the face 35 of the member and enters an opening 36 in a bushing 31supported in a bore 38 in'the side wall of ,the block at its portions23, and each of these backwardly extending portions 34 is flanged as at39 so as to engage and both tosupport and guide the member and permit itto be movable to some extent in its mounted position.

One of the members 26 engages an abutment stud 40 to prevent itsmovement in one direc- I 'e' pair or members just described'const'ituteone unit which I will designate generally and I multiply these units inany desired number, there being shown a second unit 46, see Fig. 2,although additional units may be provided whereby the tension isdistributed rather than localized in one place.v

In Fig.7 the hand threading shuttle 52 is shown as having the throatportion 5! which is necessarily of a shape diiierent from; that of theshuttle using the automatic threading block, but the block 56 is alsoremovable and contains tension units 45 and 46 which are substantiallyidentical with the threading units just described.

In Fig. 8 I have illustrated a regular shuttle 54 having a block 56 forsupporting the tension units 45 and 46 which are identical with theunits 45 and. 46 of the automatic shuttle above described. Here, ofcourse, the thread is passed into the throat 51 and a hook is used todraw the thread through the shuttle eye.

In Figs. 9, 10, 11 and 12 a different or modified form of tension isshown.- In this arrangement a duplex tension member is disposed at eachside of the thread on its way through the shuttle, each such duplextension member comprising a pair of spaced thread engaging elements 6'!and 62 which are rigidly joined together as by a bar60. The bar 66 isset back from the plane of the threadengaging surfaces of the elements6! and 62 so as not to engage the thread. A threaded abutment stud 63 isprovided to back up each of the elements 6| and 62 which are at one sideof the thread while a single spring 64 is arranged to engage the bar onthe other side and to force the two thread-engaging elements 6! and 62to which it is attached toward their corresponding opposed members. Thisspring reacts between ablock 65 and the bar 66 and the block 65 may, ifdesired, 'be adjusted longitudinally of the shuttle by ascrew 66 havinga slotted head 61. This screw passes through the block 65, and

its inner end is mounted for rotation in a suitable bore 68 in'"the sidewall 23 of the block 22 and is held'in adjusted position by a set screw69.

By this means a single springserves'to apply the tension to the severaltension. devices, and

:the relative'tension exerted by the respectivepairs of opposed-thread-engaging elements may 'than'the other of the latter. Abutmentstuds 63 in'this'casemay be adjusted to vary the total tension. Ifdesired, additional adjusting means may be interposed between the springand the block 65. A vertical slot 10 in one side wall of the blockfacilitates the assembly'of the. tension device with the block. f V 1 Asa modification'of the construction of Fig. 3, abutment springs'4l,adjustable by members 42,

may be positioned back of each of the members 26 at positionscorresponding to those of the studs 46 or 63, which willassist in. easythreading of the tension'members and man-easier action when a slub orknot comes incontact with the tension members. 7

By-this arrangement of tension I mayadjust either pair, of membersindividuallyas shown in *Figs. 1 to 6, so as to provide-the same ordifierent tensions. Itis somewhat preferable to have a.

gradually increasing tension, as this facilitates easy threading.However, in some cases it may be preferred to have the same tension atboth pairs of units. The arrangement illustratedin Figs. I0 to 12inclusive provides:v for relatively varying thetehsio'n between the "twotension 'devices by moving the single spring along the bar so as toexert more tension at one of the tension devices than at the other, thuspermitting a gradually increasing or a gradually decreasing tension tobe secured, as desired.

The improved constructions herein described not only make the shuttleeasier to thread but are easier on the yarn, thereby resulting in lessbreakage, particularly when filament yarns of the artificial cellulosederivative type are employed for the reason, as above pointed out, thatslubs or knots in the inferior grades of yarn are permitted to passvwithout breaking the yarn or causing shiners such as result fromexcessive friction and tension.

The foregoing description is directed solely towards the constructionillustrated, but I desire it to be understood that I reserve theprivilege of resorting to all the mechanical changes to which the deviceis susceptible, the invention being defined and limited only by theterms of the appended claims.

I claim:

1'. In a shuttle having a bobbin chamber, a thread eye, a plurality ofspaced mechanical tenwsion devices for engaging the yarn in workingposition, each tension device comprising a pair of thread-engagingelements mounted for movement toward and from each other, spring meanscommon to the several tension devices operative to urge the elements ofeach pair toward each other, means for adjusting the tension applied bythe spring means so as simultaneously to vary to the same degree thetension exerted by each pair of elements upon the thread, and means formoving the point of application of said spring means with reference tothe several pairs of elements thereby relatively to vary the tensionexerted by the respective tension devices.

2. In a shuttle having a bobbin chamber, a thread eye, a plurality ofspaced pairs of threadengaging elements having friction surfaces forengaging and squeezing the thread between them, a bar joining theseveral elements which are disposed at one side of the thread, and asecond bar joining the several elements which are disposed at the otherside of the thread, said bars being constructed and arrangedto receiveapplied force and to transmit it to each of the tension elementsconnected to the respective bar.

3. In a shuttle having a bobbin chamber, a thread eye, a plurality ofspaced pairs of threadengaging elements having friction surfaces forengaging and squeezing the thread between them, a bar joining theseveral elements which are disposed at one side of the thread, a singlespring engaging said bar, the spring being operative to urge both of theelements connected to the bar toward the opposed elements, and means foradjusting said spring longitudinally of the bar thereby relatively tovary the tension exerted by the several pairs of elements.

4. In a shuttle having a bobbin chamber, a thread eye, a plurality ofspaced pairs of threadengaging elements having friction surfaces forengaging and squeezing the thread between them, bars rigidly joining theseveral elements which are disposed at opposite sides of the thread,respectively, whereby force applied to either bar is transmitted to theelements joined to said bar, resilient means engaging one bar, andadjustable but non-resilient means engaging the elements united by theopposite bar for varying the normal positions of said elements.

5. In a shuttle having a bobbin chamber and a thread eye, a plurality ofpairs of spaced tension plates for engaging the yarn in workingposition, the plates of each pair being constructed and arranged toengage the opposite sides of one section of the yarn, and yieldablemeans for urging one of the plates of each pair toward the oppositeplate, said means and the plates being arranged so that the platesimpose different and progressively increasing tension on the yarnpassing between the plates of successive pairs on its Way from thebobbin chamber to the eye.

WILLIAM A. TEBO.

